Urban Infrastructure

The potential impact of shocks can be greater in urban settings, given the population density, pace, and scale of urbanization, and interlinked nature of urban sub-systems. Traditionally, urban resilience programs have focused on systems rather than household level outcomes. However, two measurement approaches are beginning to produce evidence on impact: resilience dashboards that track the resilience capacities of different urban subsystems and post-event analysis that models pathways through which shocks become disasters and the resulting social and economic impacts. Recent evidence on the impact of shocks in urban settings has found that fragmented urban institutions and infrastructure create challenges for balancing economic growth with environmental safeguards and resilience.